His early childhood was, by all accounts, a happy one; he was brought up in the Warwickshire countryside (many regard this idealised upbringing as the basis for the Shire in Lord of the Rings).In 1904, when Jo… Tolkien, J. R. R. (John Ronald Reuel Tolkien) (täl`kēn, tōl`–), 1892–1973, British novelist, b.South Africa. Take a minute to check out all the enhancements! He invented an imaginary land, Middle Earth, in meticulous detail: its language, its geography, and its exciting history. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Tolkien, including Guide to Tolkien’s World: A Bestiary and A Guide to Tolkien. Choose a language from the menu above to view a computer-translated version of this page. Accessible across all of today's devices: phones, tablets, and desktops. Co-editors were Douglas A. Anderson and Verlyn Flieger, Marjorie Burns and Tom Shippey. Tolkien and that met in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, in the 1930s and ’40s. To re-enable the tools or to convert back to English, click "view original" on the Google Translate toolbar. Ein Team von 127 Tolkien-Wissenschaftlern auf 720 Seiten behandelt Themen von Tolkiens Fiktion, seinen akademischen Werken, seinen intellektuellen und spirituellen Einflüssen und seinen Biographie. English author J.R.R. Inklings, informal group of writers that included C.S. Thank you for subscribing! New Zealand director Peter Jackson adapted The Lord of the Rings as a lavish film trilogy. JRR Tolkien, Morgoth’s Ring, the Later Silmarillion, Part One, in The History of Middle-earth, Volume X, Christopher Tolkien editor, Houghton Mifflin, 1993, p. 415-421. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel by the English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien. The First World War saw Tolkien lay the foundations of Middle-earth. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein, South Africa, on Jan. 3, 1892, and moved at age 4 with his family to England, where he was educated at Exeter College, Oxford. Written by Tolkien for use by translators of The Lord of the Rings , a full version, re-titled "Nomenclature of The Lord of the Rings," was published in 2005 in The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion by Wayne G. Hammond and Christina Scull ISBN 0-618-64267-6 . To share with more than one person, separate addresses with a comma. He was a professor at Oxford from 1925 to 1959 and first gained recognition as a philologist, a person who studies the way language is used in literature. The Lord of the Rings, fantasy novel by J.R.R. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien’s fantastic tales of battles between good and evil, including The Lord of the Rings trilogy, made hobbit a household word. The third film won a record-tying 11 Academy Awards, including best picture and best director. Luckily, this was a Tolkien-/Middle-earth-focused encyclopedia so the fun and interest factor were considerably higher than any other type of encyclopedia out there. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein, South Africa, on Jan. 3, 1892, and moved at age 4 with his family to England, where he was educated at Exeter College, Oxford. These notes were written sometime in … J.R.R. The Encyclopedia of Arda contains thousands of articles covering topics from J.R.R. Be on the look out for the Britannica for Parents newsletter to deliver insightful facts for the family right to your inbox. Tolkien initially published in three parts as The Fellowship of the Ring (1954), The Two Towers (1955), and The Return of the King (1955). Its many worlds and creatures were drawn from Tolkien’s extensive knowledge of philology and folklore. Januar 1892 in Bloemfontein, Oranje-Freistaat; † 2. Set in Middle-earth, the world at some distant time in the past, the story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 children's book The Hobbit, but eventually developed into a much larger work. The Lord of the Rings, together with The Hobbit, is considered by many to be the start of the genre known as high fantasy, and these works have had an enormous influence on that genre as a whole. Tolkien Encyclopedia presents the latest scholarship on Tolkien written by the leading scholars in the field..[it] is essential for students, teachers, scholars, as well as the general reader interested in J.R.R. We hope you and your family enjoy the NEW Britannica Kids. (1892–1973). English author J.R.R. This quiz consists of 49 questions from Britannica’s most popular quizzes. Together with Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopedia , these books have been translated into sixteen languages, and have sold in excess of two million copies. The novel introduced Tolkien’s richly imagined world of Middle Earth in its Third Age and served as a prologue to his The Lord of the Rings. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (January 3, 1892 - September 2, 1973) was Professor of Anglo-Saxon at the University of Oxford from 1925 to 1945, and Professor of English Language and Literature from 1945 to 1959; he was also a fiction writer for his entire adult life, and it is for this latter pursuit that he is famous. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Rings (2001), The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002), and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003) were highly successful, both commercially and critically. Encyclopedia Britannica, Volume 9, 1911, entry for “Ethnology and ethnography,” p. 851. The Inklings were an informal literary discussion group associated with J. R. R. Tolkien at the University of Oxford for nearly two decades between the early 1930s and late 1949. The novel, set in the Third Age of Middle-earth, formed a sequel to Tolkien’s The Hobbit (1937) and was succeeded by his posthumous The Silmarillion (1977). Frodo, a Christlike figure, learns that the ring has the power to control the entire world and, he discovers, to corrupt its owner. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Omissions? 1975 Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings (edited version) - published in A Tolkien Compass by Jared Lobdell. Coverage not only presents the most recent scholarship on J. R. R. Tolkien, but also introduces and explores the author and scholar's life and work within their historical and cultural contexts. Reviews 'This is an excellent resource for serious scholars of English literature as well as those with a general interest in Tolkien.' Tolkien initially published in three parts as The Fellowship of the Ring (1954), The Two Towers (1955), and The Return of the King (1955). The best-known, apart from Tolkien, were C. S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Owen Barfield. A team of 127 Tolkien scholars on 720 pages cover topics of Tolkien's fiction, his academic works, his intellectual and spiritual influences, and his biography. J.R.R. Tolkien is best known for his most famous works, The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. After his father’s death, Tolkien, his mother, and brother returned to England, where Tolkien became an academic and scholar of archaic English and twice Professor of Anglo-Saxon at the University of Oxford. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien [ dʒɒn ˈɹɒnld ɹuːl ˈtɒlkiːn ], CBE (* 3. But sometimes we need a little nudge, so let's work together to improve one of our most popular articles. Tolkien not only studied fables; he created new ones of his own. J. R. R. Tolkien (1892-1973) gained a reputation during the 1960s and 1970s as a cult figure among youths disillusioned with war and the technological age; his continuing popularity evidences his ability to evoke the oppressive realities of modern life while drawing audiences into a … The Lord of the Rings, fantasy novel by J.R.R. Please note: Text within images is not translated, some features may not work properly after translation, and the translation may not accurately convey the intended meaning. Tolkien, in full John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, (born January 3, 1892, Bloemfontein, South Africa—died September 2, 1973, Bournemouth, Hampshire, England), English writer and scholar who achieved fame with his children’s book The Hobbit (1937) and his richly inventive epic fantasy The Lord of the Rings … We’ve been busy, working hard to bring you new features and an updated design. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from JRR Tolkien) John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was a British philologist, university professor, and writer. BORN: 1916, Bloemfontein, South Africa DIED: 1995, Thirsk, England NATIONALITY: English GENRE: Fiction, nonfiction MAJOR WORKS: The Hobbit, or There and Back Again (1936) The Lord of the Rings (1954–1955) The Silmarillion (1977). Improved homework resources designed to support a variety of curriculum subjects and standards. The most famous of his books are The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings . These tales became immensely popular in the 1960s, especially among young adults. - Reference Reviews 'The J.R.R. Tolkien was born in 1892, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Tolkien. September 1973 in Bournemouth, England) war ein britischer Schriftsteller und Philologe. To learn more about cookies and your cookie choices. The novel, set in the Third Age of Middle-earth, formed a sequel to Tolkien’s The Hobbit (1937) and was succeeded by his posthumous The Silmarillion (1977). A leading linguist of his day, Tolkien was an Oxford University professor who, along with colleagues C.S. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born January 3, 1892 to Mabel and Arthur Tolkien … By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. An Encyclopedia of Tolkien doesn’t exactly sound like a page-turner. His heroes are rather short, rather stout, and have very furry feet. Tolkien’s fantastic tales of battles between good and evil, including The Lord of the Rings trilogy, made hobbit a household word. Tolkien's world, some brief, some lengthy and some containing detailed essays and discussions. A new, third level of content, designed specially to meet the advanced needs of the sophisticated scholar. After translating an article, all tools except font up/font down will be disabled. J.R.R. JRR Tolkien or John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born on 3rd January, in 1892, in Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, South Africa, where his father was the head of the Bloemfontein bank. At 33, the age of adulthood among hobbits, Frodo Baggins receives a magic Ring of Invisibility from his uncle Bilbo. Coverage not only presents the most recent scholarship on J.R.R. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment, edited by Michael D. C. Drout, was published by Routledge in 2006. This story is continued in The Lord of the Rings trilogy (1954–55), consisting of The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King. J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography, written by Humphrey Carpenter, was first published in 1977. World War I. A fellowship of hobbits, elves, dwarfs, and men is formed to destroy the ring by casting it into the volcanic fires of the Crack of Doom, where it was forged. David Day is the author of five major books on the world of J.R.R. Overview. Another Tolkien book on Middle Earth, The Silmarillion, was published four years after his death in Bournemouth, England, on Sept. 2, 1973. A fantasy writer and Oxford don, Tolkien wrote The Hobbit (1937), adapted from stories he told his children. This website uses cookies to help deliver and improve our services and provide you with a much richer experience during your visit. Literature is a broad term that—among Britannica’s quizzes, at least—can include everything from American novels to antonyms and synonyms. Alternative Titles: “The Hobbit; or, There and Back Again” The Hobbit, fantasy novel by J.R.R. J.R.R. It is called the "authorized biography" of J. R. R. Tolkien, creator of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings It was first published in London by George Allen & Unwin, then in the United States by Houghton Mifflin Company. Since we began, there have been 374,200 edits on this website. Tolkien Gateway relies on the work of 7,614 users, working on 50,841 pages to make this wiki the way it is. The same safe and trusted content for explorers of all ages. Britannica media editor Kurt Heintz, together with Emily Goldstein and Meg Matthias, is on a mission to spotlight poignant and noteworthy events for every day of the year. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The J.R.R. Hear the stories that propelled us to the present day through insights that lend perspective to our world with a nod to our own humanity. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... A battle scene from the 2003 film version of, 49 Questions from Britannica’s Most Popular Literature Quizzes. Tolkien. The Hobbit; or, There and Back Again, published in 1937, introduces readers to this special world as its inhabitants—elves, dwarfs, wizards, and the furry-footed hobbit Bilbo Baggins—fight and win against an evil dragon. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Lord-of-the-Rings. Tolkien's fiction, his academic works, his intellectual and spiritual influences, and his biography. Here, an outline of his creative output between 1914 and 1918, and a discussion of the war's influence on his life's work, must follow a summary of his wartime experiences—as a student, as an army officer in Britain and on the Western Front, and as a war invalid. English writer, essayist, poet, and editor J. R. R. Tolkien gained a reputation during the 1960s and 1970s as a cult figure (a person with a devoted following amongst a small group of people) among youths discouraged by war and the technological age from his work The Hobbit and the trilogy that followed, The Lord of the Rings. Die JRR Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment, herausgegeben von Michael DC Drout, wurde 2006 von Routledge veröffentlicht. A detailed work of reference and scholarship, this one volume Encyclopedia includes discussions of all the fundamental issues in Tolkien scholarship written by the leading scholars in the field. Email; Back to Article; Related resources for this article. Only the most determined quizmaster will be able to reach its denouement. Britannica does not review the converted text. Tolkien, published in 1937. He was educated at the Dragon School , Oxford and The Oratory School in Caversham, Berkshire where in his final year he decided to become a priest. Tolkien wrote popular books of fantasy fiction . Corrections? After three years in South Africa, he returned to England with his Mother Mabel; unfortunately, his father died one year later, leaving him with little memory of his father. They are opposed on their harrowing mission by the evil Sauron and his Black Riders. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment is a 2006 reference book edited by Michael D.C. Drout.A team of 127 Tolkien scholars covers topics of J.R.R. When you first lay hands on a copy of David Day’s new book, with its embossed leather binding, gold-leaf pages, lavish illustrations, and bookmark ribbon, you might imagine putting it on the shelf next to The Lord of the Rings, maybe dipping into it occasionally when you’re trying to remember what Meduseld or Umbar was. The Lord of the Rings is the saga of a group of sometimes reluctant heroes who set forth to save their world from consummate evil. Tolkien, but also introduces and explores the author and scholar's life and work within their historical and cultural contexts. J.R.R. J.R.R Tolkien was one of the few authors who have transformed the world by influencing fantasy writers, connecting his books to the real world, and giving hope to people in times of war. Updates? A detailed work of reference and scholarship, this one volume Encyclopedia includes discussions of all the fundamental issues in Tolkien scholarship written by the leading scholars in the field. Articles Websites View search results for: Search. I really enjoyed the first parts. As Lewis’s brother Warren (“Warnie”) put it, “There were no rules, officers, agendas, or formal elections.” This work led him to help edit a version of the English fable Sir Gawain and the Green Knight that was published in 1925. John Francis Reuel Tolkien (16 November 1917 – 22 January 2003) was the eldest son of J. R. R. Tolkien.He was born in Cheltenham . The Inklings were literary enthusiasts who praised the value of narrative in fiction and encouraged the writing of fantasy.